Prevalence and behavior of periodontal disease in diabetic patients

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: DM is considered a risk factor for periodontal disease, and its extent and severity is
directly related to the degree of metabolic control of DM. The association between the two is considered
bidirectional.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of periodontal disease in patients with type 2 DM and to relate
the degree of metabolic control with its presence and severity.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional, observational and analytical study carried out since May
2020 to August 2020 at the Arturo Illia Hospital in La Calera. Patients with type 2 DM between 20 and 90
years seen in outpatient clinics were included, recording the following variables: age, sex, years of evolution
of DM, use of insulin, HbA1C and other associated risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia and smoking).
The data was collected in an EXEL table and processed with INFOSTAT.
RESULTS: The sample consisted of n = 55 patients with type 2 DM, with a slight predominance of women
with 50.9%, with a mean age of 53.5 years. The prevalence was 65.5%; of which 41.7% had stage III, and
72.2% had grade C. Those with HbA1C greater than 7.1% had periodontal disease in 78.1%, with 92% of
the cases being grade C lesions.
CONCLUSIONS: The study shows that DM is a risk factor for periodontal disease and also that its severity
is significantly associated with poor glycemic control.