Etiology and sensitivity profile in urinary tract infections in pediatrics

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is defined as the bacterial invasion, colonization and
proliferation of the urinary tract. It can be produced by different pathogenic microorganisms, but there are
currently few data regarding the etiology and antimicrobial resistance in this infection. It is known that this
pathology is the second most frequent cause of bacterial infections in children, and that it is responsible for
a large number of daily consultations and hospitalizations in the Pediatric services.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the most prevalent causative agent of urinary tract infections in pediatric patients
and the antibiotic sensitivity profile during the period from January 2015 to December 2017 at Clínica
Universitaria Reina Fabiola.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an observational, retrospective and descriptive studyThe
following variables were evaluated: sex, age, microbiological result of urine culture and antibiogram. The
variables were described with N (%) in case of categorical variables and measures of position and dispersion
in case of continuous variables.
RESULTS: 3618 urine cultures were processed, with 867 (24%) positive, of which 539 were included in
this study due to complete data. Predominance in the female sex (83.8%) was demonstrated and the age
group where the UTIs predominated was between 1 year and 5 years N= 259 (48%). The most frequent
microorganism was Escherichia coli, 441/539 81%), followed by Proteus mirabillis (49/539 9%) and
Klebsiella pneumoniae (12/539 2%). Escherichia coli was sensitive to nitrofurantoin, cefazolin,
ciprofloxacin, ampicillin sulbactam (83.2%) and trimetropin sulfamethoxazole to a lesser extent, being
ampicillin resistant. Proteus mirabillis and Klebsiella pneumoniae had a broad sensitivity profile.
CONCLUSION: This study showed that urinary infections in our pediatric age environment are more
frequent in females between 1 year and 5 years old. The most common etiologic agent is Escherichia coli
followed by Proteus mirabillis and Klebsiella pneumonia. All of them showing a high antibiotic sensitivity
to cefazolin, ciprofloxacin and ampicillin sulbactam.