Clinical aspects and factors related with renal involvement in pediatrics patients with Schönlein Henoch purpura

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Schönlein Henoch purpura (SHP) is the most frequent vasculitis in childhood. Its
course is generally self-limited but can lead to long-term renal morbidity.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of the clinical manifestations of PSH. To determine the variables
associated with renal involvement in patients with SHP, treated by the Pediatric Rheumatology Service of
the Reina Fabiola University Clinic during the period 2015-2020.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational, retrospective, transversal, analytical study. Patients under
15 years of age with a diagnosis of HSP, were included. The variables were: age, sex, month of diagnosis,
dermatological, renal, gastrointestinal, joint involvement, recurrence and/or prevalence and other
manifestations. Statistical analysis: Student's t test, chi square test and multivariate logistic regression.
RESULTS: 107 patients were analyzed, 57% were female (n = 61), with a mean age of 6.49 SD of 3.48
years. 100% presented dermal involvement, 19 (18%) persistent or recurrent purpura, 21 (19%)
gastrointestinal symptoms, 38 (36%) joint involvement and 21 (20%) kidney manifestations. An association
with kidney involvement was found in patients older than 7 years (p = 0.0064), persistent or recurrent
purpura (p = 0.0001), joint involvement (p = 0.0135) and abdominal pain (p = 0.0136), but only persistent
or recurrent purpura was the only risk factor associated with statistically significant renal involvement (OR
= 71.17; 95% CI = 1.81 - 28.25; P = 0.005).
CONCLUSION: Persistent or recurrent purpura was considered a risk factor for the fact of presenting
kidney involvement and also an association was evidenced between patients older than 7 years, joint
involvement and abdominal pain with kidney involvement.