Basaloid squamous carcinoma of the oral cavity. Case report

Abstract

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is an aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma, primarily located
in the head and neck region. Due to its similarity to other neoplasms, such as basal cell carcinoma, adenoid
cystic carcinoma, and undifferentiated squamous carcinoma, differential diagnosis is crucial for patient
treatment and prognosis. This paper presents the case of a 60-year-old male patient with no relevant medical
history, who consulted for an ulcerated lesion in the floor of the mouth. Radiographically, the lesion affected
the left mandibular body. Biopsy revealed an ulcerated basaloid squamous carcinoma with focal
keratinization and a characteristic infiltrative pattern. Histologically, peripheral palisading of squamous
cells was observed, along with areas of focal keratinization and parakeratosis in the superficial epithelium.
No vascular or perineural invasion was noted. Accurate histopathological diagnosis is essential to
differentiate this condition from other malignant entities.